电化学储能研究22年回顾

doi:10.13208/j.electrochem.200441

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文回顾了22年来作者的电化学储能研究活动,共分三个部分. 第一部分叙述高比能量、高比功率储能器件研究,包括锂硫电池研究（硫复合正极材料、锂硫电池制作、锂硼合金作为锂硫电池负极、硫-锂离子电池新体系）、超级电容器研究（超级活性炭、以酚醛树脂为原料制备电容炭、碳纳米管阵列中寄生准电容储能材料、氧化镍干凝胶准电容储能材料、归纳出电容炭材料的性能要求、电容器研制、确定“第四类”超级电容器）、锂离子电池研究（锂离子电池与可再生燃料电池的对决、双变价元素正极材料、磷酸钴锂正极材料、高功率锂离子电池的制作）. 第二部分叙述规模储能电池研究,包括液流电池新体系研究（蓄电与电化学合成的双功能液流电池、全金属化合物单液流电池、有机化合物正极的单液流电池）、致力于振兴铅酸电池（推广铅蓄电池新技术、铅炭电池的研究、铅酸电池新型板栅的研究）,储能电池（站）的经济效益计算方法. 第三部分叙述电动汽车发展路线研究,包括氢能燃料电池电动汽车、纯电动汽车与混合动力汽车、对我国电动汽车发展路线的建议、力争电动汽车补贴的合理化、坚守电动汽车“节能减排”宗旨、提出“发电直驱电动车”. 最后的结束语谈了三点感悟.

关键词: 电化学储能, 锂硫电池, 超级电容器, 锂离子电池, 液流电池, 铅酸电池, 电动汽车

Abstract:

In this paper, research activities from my groups in the field of electrochemical energy storage are reviewed for the past 22 years, which is divided into three sections. The first section describes the researches related to high specific energy and high specific power energy storage devices, including lithium sulfur batteriies (sulfur composite cathode material, lithium sulfur battery fabrication, lithium boron alloy as lithium sulfur battery anodes, and sulfur lithium-ion battery new system), supercapacitors (super activated carbon, capacitive carbon prepared from phenolic resin, carbon nanotube array parasitic pseudo-capacitive energy storage materials, necessary properties of capacitive carbons, nickel hydroxide xerogels pseudo-capacitive energy storage materials,the development of capacitors, and the determination of “the fourth type” supercapacitors), and lithium-ion batteries (the confrontation between lithium-ion batteries and renewable fuel cells, the cathode material of dual variable-valency elements, lithium cobalt phosphate cathode materials, and high-power lithium-ion batteries). The second section describes the researches linked to a large-scale energy storage battery, including new systems of flow battery (dual function flow battery of energy storage and electrochemical synthesis, all metal compounds single flow battery, and organic compound positive electrode single flow battery), revitalizing lead-acid batteries (promoting new technology of lead-acid batteries, lead-carbon battery and new grid of lead-acid battery), and economic benefit calculation method of energy storage battery (station). The third section describes the research roadmaps in the development of electric vehicles including hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles and pure electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, the suggestions in the development of electric vehicles in China, striving for the rationalization of subsidies for electric vehicles, adhering to the purpose of “energy saving and emission reduction” of electric vehicles, and putting forward “direct drive electric vehicles for power generation”. Three opinions based on my experiences are provided at the end of this paper.

Key words: electrochemical energy storage, lithium sulfur battery, supercapacitor, lithium-ion battery, flow battery, lead-acid battery, electric vehicles

中图分类号:

O646

杨裕生. 电化学储能研究22年回顾[J]. 电化学（中英文）, 2020, 26(4): 443-463.

YANG Yu-sheng. A Review of Electrochemical Energy Storage Researches in the Past 22 Years[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry, 2020, 26(4): 443-463.

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链接本文: https://electrochem.xmu.edu.cn/CN/10.13208/j.electrochem.200441

https://electrochem.xmu.edu.cn/CN/Y2020/V26/I4/443

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	Moisture/%	Ash/%	Tap density/ (g·mL^-1)	Specific surface area/ (m²·g^-1)	Carbon content/%	Specific pacitance in water system/ (F·g^-1)	Specific capacitance in organic system/ (F·g^-1)	Mesopore ratio/%	Average diameter/nm
Our sample	0.90	0.28	0.42	2508	99.68	254	148	19.4	1.73
Sample from Japan	1.08	0.27	0.41	2201	99.73	247	140	15.3	1.84
Sample from Korea	2.40	0.31	0.40	2432	99.57	267	154	18.9	1.74

Classification of capacitors	I	II	III	IV
Name of capacitor	Electric double layer capacitor	Pseudocapacitor	Hybrid capacitor	Battery type supercapacitor
Name of capacitor	Electric double layer capacitor	Pseudocapacitor	Hybrid capacitor	A	B
Energy storage mechanism of the first electrode	Electric double layer	Pseudocapacitance	Electric double layer	Electric double layer	Electric double layer + Redox reaction
Energy storage mechanism of the second electrode	Electric double layer	Pseudocapacitance	Pseudocapacitance	Electric double layer + Redox reaction	Electric double layer + Redox reaction