关键词: 贵金属纳米晶, 合金, 表面结构, 比表面积, 可控合成

Abstract: Noble metal nanocrystals (NCs) have widespread applications in catalysis. Their catalytic performances are strongly related to the surface structures while the atomic utilization efficiency of noble metal is considerably correlated with the surface area. Thus, advantages of both specific surface structure and large surface area are highly required to show off simultaneously so as to optimize the catalytic performance and decrease the usage of noble metal. However, it seems that the two advantages are incompatible with each other in one NC since it is difficult for small NCs to keep their specific facets, while NCs with specific surface structure usually crystallize into the large size leading to small surface area. The construction of noble metal NCs with specific surface area and large surface area is a great challenge. This review introduces the strategies to prepare noble metal NCs integrated with both specific surface facets and high surface area from the controllable synthesis of morphologies. The current researches in this field are summarized by introducing specific cases. Subsequently, typical applications in catalysis are presented to demonstrate the advantages of noble metal NCs with both specific facets and high surface area. Finally, the perspectives concerning about the development tendency in this field are put forward.

Key words: noble metal nanocrystals, alloy, surface structure, surface area, controllable synthesis