关键词: 锂电池, 表征技术, 结构演化, 原位, 非原位

Abstract: Electrochemical performance of Lithium batteries is directly linked to interfacial transports, reactions and storing behaviors of electrons and ions at bulk-surface interfaces. It is extremely important to conduct evolution studies from atomic level to macro level in electron structures, crystal structures, microstructures and morphologies, chemical compositions and physical properties of battery materials at equilibrium and nonequilibrium in order to understand various structure-performance relations in lithium ion batteries. Advanced in-situ and ex-situ characterization techniques have been used widely to clarify scientific and technological problems in lithium batteries. This paper summarizes our efforts on battery researches using various experimental techniques, including in situ X-ray diffraction (in-situ XRD), in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (in-situ XAS), quasi-situ/in situ scanning electron microscopy imaging (quasi/in-situ SEM), high angle annular dark field/ annular bright field–scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF/ABF-STEM), scanning force curve, neutron diffraction, thermogravimetric–differential scanning calorimetry–mass spectroscopy (TG-DSC-MS), surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), etc. Future research directions in advanced characterization techniques for lithium ion batteries are briefly discussed.