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电化学(中英文) ›› 2016, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (5): 499-512.  doi: 10.13208/j.electrochem.160546

• 能源电化学材料近期研究专辑(南开大学 陈军教授) • 上一篇    下一篇

锂离子电池硅负极循环稳定性研究进展

郭择良,伍 晖*   

  1. 清华大学材料学院,新型陶瓷与精细工艺国家重点实验室,北京100084
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-30 修回日期:2016-09-28 出版日期:2016-10-28 发布日期:2016-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 伍 晖 E-mail:huiwu@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技部973计划(No. 2015CB932500、No. 2013CB632702)和国家自然科学基金项目(No. 51302141)资助

Research Progress in Cycle Stability of Silicon Based Li-Ion Battery Anodes

GUO Ze-liang, WU Hui*   

  1. State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2016-05-30 Revised:2016-09-28 Published:2016-10-28 Online:2016-09-28
  • Contact: WU Hui E-mail:huiwu@tsinghua.edu.cn

摘要:

硅是已知质量比容量最高的锂离子电池负极材料,研究人员希望通过制造可靠的高容量硅负极,生产高能量密度的锂离子电池. 但由于充放电过程中锂在硅材料中嵌入与释放,硅材料发生巨大的体积变化,以致破碎,并从负极上脱落下来. 硅负极容量随着充放循环次数的增加而迅速下降,是其应用进程中受到的最大制约. 本文结合锂离子电池硅负极研究现状,从硅材料本体结构、整体负极结构两方面介绍几种不同的提高硅负极循环稳定性的方法,并对各种方法的稳定性、成本、制备方法等进行比较,提出对未来硅负极材料研究的展望.

关键词: 锂离子电池, 硅负极材料, 纳米结构, 循环寿命, 固态电解质层

Abstract:

Silicon(Si), with the highest specific capacity currently known, is a promising anode material for Li-ion battery. However, in the charging and discharging process, with Li atoms inserting into and breaking out of the Si crystal lattices, the Si anode undergoes enormous volume expansion and contraction, ending in pulverization. The fact that the specific capacity of bulk Si anodes drop quickly is a challenging problem. In this review, we summarize recent progresses in Si anode. We concern about the nanostructure of silicon, cooperation of silicon with other additives and macrostructure design of anodes. We discuss strengths and shortcomings of different methods, considering both electrochemical performance and mass production feasibility.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, silicon anode, nanostructure, cycle life, solid electrolyte interface

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