制备含有Fe-N-C催化剂的无贵金属阴极催化剂层以提升质子交换膜燃料电池性能

doi:10.61558/2993-074X.3607

电化学（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 2511141. doi: 10.61558/2993-074X.3607

制备含有Fe-N-C催化剂的无贵金属阴极催化剂层以提升质子交换膜燃料电池性能

周石^a^,^b^,^#, Muhammad Tariq^b^,^#, Asif Nadeem Tabish^c, Muhammad Salman^d, 宁凡迪^b, Muhammad Rayyan Tayyab^e, 彭冉冉^f, 郝梦庚^g, 李文木^g^,^*(), 周小春^b^,^*()

^a 中国科学技术大学纳米学院，安徽合肥 230026，中国
^b 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所，江苏苏州 215123，中国
^c Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, New Campus, Lahore, 39021, Pakistan
^d Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54890, Pakistan
^e 华东理工大学，上海 200237，中国
^f 中国科学技术大学，安徽合肥 230026，中国
^g 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所，福建福州 350002，中国

收稿日期:2025-11-12 修回日期:2025-12-17 接受日期:2026-02-13 发布日期:2026-02-13 出版日期:2026-04-28

Insertion of Noble Metal Free Cathodic Catalyst Layer with Fe-N-C Catalyst for Boosted Performance of PEMFC

Shi Zhou^a^,^b^,^#, Muhammad Tariq^b^,^#, Asif Nadeem Tabish^c, Muhammad Salman^d, Fandi Ning^b, Muhammad Rayyan Tayyab^e, Ranran Peng^f, Menggeng Hao^g, Wen-Mu Li^g^,^*(), Xiaochun Zhou^b^,^*()

^a Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
^b Division of Advanced Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
^c Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, New Campus, Lahore, 39021, Pakistan
^d Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54890, Pakistan
^e State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237, China
^f Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
^g National Engineering Research Center for Optoelectronic Crystalline Materials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China

Received:2025-11-12 Revised:2025-12-17 Accepted:2026-02-13 Online:2026-02-13 Published:2026-04-28
Contact: *Wen-Mu Li, liwm@fjirsm.ac.cn, Xiao-Chun Zhou, E-mail: xczhou2013@sinano.ac.cn
About author:Author contributions
Shi Zhou: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Writing - Original Draft. Muhammad Tariq: Visualization, Investigation, Writing-Review & Editing. Asif Nadeem Tabish: Writing-Review & Editing, Software. Muhammad Salman: Formal analysis, Writing-Review & Editing. Fandi Ning: Resources, Data Curation. Ran-Ran Peng: Investigation. Muhammad Rayyan Tayyab: Software, Validation. Meng-Geng Hao: Formal analysis. Wen-Mu Li: Visualization, Writing - Review & Editing. Xiao-Chun Zhou: Supervision, Project administration.
^#Equal Contribution by Shi Zhou and Muhammad Tariq

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

廉价的铁-氮-碳（Fe-N-C）催化剂被视为质子交换膜燃料电池中铂族金属催化剂的有前景的替代品。尽管它们在旋转圆盘电极上表现出稳健的活性，但在膜电极组件中的性能往往受到限制，如氧气扩散减少、过氧化氢生成量高、质子传导性低以及电子转移数较低。本研究通过调整阴极催化剂层（CCL）的组成，对包括质子传输、电子传导和空气呼吸式质子交换膜燃料电池中的气体扩散在内的关键因素进行了研究。实验结果表明，当CCL中Fe-N-C催化剂的负载量为1 mg∙cm⁻²且Nafion含量为0.15 mg∙cm⁻²时，可获得峰值功率密度。研究发现，为增强疏水性而添加聚四氟乙烯对质子交换膜燃料电池性能有负面影响。此外，将不同种类的碳纳米管掺入CCL中，可使峰值功率密度显著提高30%以上，这归因于气体扩散和质子传导性的增强。本研究突出显示了气体传输和质子传导性在基于Fe-N-C的CCL中的关键作用。这些发现有助于推进经济型质子交换膜燃料电池的合理设计原则，为推动高效且经济的技术发展提供了宝贵见解。

关键词: 质子交换膜燃料电池, 无贵金属催化剂, Fe-N-C催化剂, 碳纳米管, 膜电极组件

Abstract:

Economical Fe-N-C catalysts are considered as promising alternatives to platinum group metal catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Despite exhibiting robust activity on rotating disk electrodes, their performance within membrane electrode assemblies often experiences limitations, such as decreased O₂ diffusion, high H₂O₂ formation, low proton conduction, and a lower electron transfer number. In this study, key factors, including proton transport, electron conduction, and gas diffusion within air-breathing PEMFCs, have been investigated by adjusting cathode catalyst layer (CCL) compositions. From the experimental results, the optimal peak power density was obtained when the loading of Fe-N-C catalyst was 1 mg∙cm^-2 and Nafion content was 0.15 mg∙cm^-2 within CCLs. The addition of polytetrafluoroethylene to enhance hydrophobicity was found to have a negative impact on PEMFC performance. Furthermore, the incorporation of diverse carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into CCLs resulted in a significant increase of over 30% in peak power density, attributed to enhancements in the gas diffusion and proton conductivity. The critical roles of gas transport and proton conductivity within Fe-N-C-based CCLs have been highlighted by this study. These findings contribute to the advancement of rational design principles for economical PEMFCs, offering valuable insights to drive the development of efficient and cost-effective technology in future.

Key words: Proton exchange membrane fuel cell, noble metal-free catalyst, Fe-N-C catalyst, carbon nanotube, membrane electrode assembly

周石, Muhammad Tariq, Asif Nadeem Tabish, Muhammad Salman, 宁凡迪, Muhammad Rayyan Tayyab, 彭冉冉, 郝梦庚, 李文木, 周小春. 制备含有Fe-N-C催化剂的无贵金属阴极催化剂层以提升质子交换膜燃料电池性能[J]. 电化学（中英文）, 2026, 32(4): 2511141.

Shi Zhou, Muhammad Tariq, Asif Nadeem Tabish, Muhammad Salman, Fandi Ning, Muhammad Rayyan Tayyab, Ranran Peng, Menggeng Hao, Wen-Mu Li, Xiaochun Zhou. Insertion of Noble Metal Free Cathodic Catalyst Layer with Fe-N-C Catalyst for Boosted Performance of PEMFC[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry, 2026, 32(4): 2511141.

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https://electrochem.xmu.edu.cn/CN/Y2026/V32/I4/2511141

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Fuel cell type	Condition	Peak power density	Ref.
PEMFC	H₂-air	0.15 W∙cm^-2 (150 mW∙cm^-2)	[47]
PEMFC	H₂-air	0.88 W∙cm^-2 (880 mW∙cm^-2)	[48]
PEMFC	H₂-air	0.096 W∙cm^-2 (96 mW∙cm^-2)	[49]
PEMFC	Air-breathing	0.039 W∙cm^-2 (39 mW∙cm^-2)	This work

Sample	Diameter (nm)	Length (μm)
CNT-15-60	10-20	20-100
CNT-15-20	10-20	10-30
CNT-15-1.25	10-20	0.5-2
CNT-5-15	4-6	10-20
CNT-1.5-17.5	1-2	5-30

制备含有Fe-N-C催化剂的无贵金属阴极催化剂层以提升质子交换膜燃料电池性能

Insertion of Noble Metal Free Cathodic Catalyst Layer with Fe-N-C Catalyst for Boosted Performance of PEMFC

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