CO2高效资源化利用的高温熔盐电化学技术研究

doi:10.13208/j.electrochem.200653

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高温熔融盐具有CO₂吸收容量大、电化学窗口宽、高温下反应动力学快等特点,是利用清洁电能大规模捕集和资源化利用CO₂颇具实用化潜力的电解液体系. 本文主要介绍作者课题组近十年关于高温熔盐CO₂捕集与电化学资源化转化(MSCC-ET)技术的相关研究工作,包括熔融盐电解质对CO₂的吸收、阴极过程动力学、电解条件对产物的影响、析氧阳极、电解过程能量效率和CO₂捕获潜力,并展望了MSCC-ET技术的发展前景.

关键词: 高温熔盐, CO₂还原, 阴极过程, 碳材料, 惰性阳极, MSCC-ET

Abstract:

The molten electrolytes exhibit high CO₂ absorption capacities, wide electrochemical windows and excellent reaction kinetics, which are promising electrolyte candidates for efficient capture and electrochemical conversion of high-flux CO₂ driven by renewable and clean electricity sources. This short review introduces the recent advancements of CO₂ electroreduction achieved by the authors using molten salt CO₂ capture and electrochemical transformation (MSCC-ET) technology, involving CO₂ absorption kinetics, cathodic kinetics, controllable synthesis of carbon products with unique nanostructures, development of inert oxygen evolution anodes and CO₂ conversion efficiency as well as energy efficiency. The challenges and prospects are also discussed based on the critical review.

Key words: molten electrolytes, CO₂ reduction, cathodic kinetics, carbon materials, inert anode, MSCC-ET

中图分类号:

O646

邓博文, 尹华意, 汪的华. CO₂高效资源化利用的高温熔盐电化学技术研究[J]. 电化学（中英文）, 2020, 26(5): 628-638.

DENG Bo-wen, YIN Hua-yi, WANG Di-hua. Highly Efficient CO₂ Utilization via Molten Salt CO₂ Capture and Electrochemical Transformation Technology[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry, 2020, 26(5): 628-638.

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链接本文: https://electrochem.xmu.edu.cn/CN/10.13208/j.electrochem.200653

https://electrochem.xmu.edu.cn/CN/Y2020/V26/I5/628

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Electrolyte	Equilibrium pressure of CO₂/ (Pa, aM_yO=0.001 mol·L^-1)	Deposition potential of metal E_M/V(vs. CO₂-O₂/CO₃^2-)	Deposition potential of C E_C/V(vs. CO₂-O₂/CO₃^2-)	Evolution potential of CO E_CO/V(vs. CO₂-O₂/CO₃^2-)
Li₂CO₃	1.039	-3.183	-1.883	-2.284
Na₂CO₃	2.462×10^-8	-2.757	-2.681	-3.378
K₂CO₃	2.054×10^-13	-2.829	-3.251	-4.107
CaCO₃	2.309×10³	-3.230	-1.523	-1.804
BaCO₃	1.793×10^-3	-3.266	-2.181	-2.681

T/^oC	ΔG/(kJ·mol^-1) 2Li₂CO₃=2CO(g)+O₂(g)+Li₂O	E_CO/V	ΔG/(kJ·mol^-1) Li₂CO₃=C+O₂(g)+Li₂O	E_C/V	Energy consumption/(kWh·kg^-1-C)@50%EE
50	855.157	2.216	566.998	1.469	26.25
450	660.625	1.712	505.931	1.311	23.42
750	527.734	1.367	466.199	1.208	21.58

Electricity source	*Average amount of equivalent CO₂ emission in 50th percentile^[43]/(g·kWh^-1)	CO₂ reduction efficiency/% (6.4 kWh·kg^-1-CO₂@50%EE)
Hydroelectric	4	97.44
Wind	12	92.32
Nuclear	16	89.76
Biomass	18	88.48
Solar thermal	22	85.92
Geothermal	45	71.20
Solar PV	46	70.56

CO₂高效资源化利用的高温熔盐电化学技术研究

Highly Efficient CO₂ Utilization via Molten Salt CO₂ Capture and Electrochemical Transformation Technology

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