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电化学(中英文) ›› 2023, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 2217001.  doi: 10.13208/j.electrochem.2217001

所属专题: “下一代二次电池”专题文章

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

金属和合金作为锂-硫电池硫正极催化载体

王振宇a, 高学平b,*()   

  1. a中国长江三峡集团有限公司科学技术研究院,北京 101100
    b南开大学材料科学与工程学院,新能源材料化学研究所,天津 300350
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-12 修回日期:2022-09-11 接受日期:2022-10-04 出版日期:2023-04-28 发布日期:2022-10-05

Metals and Alloys as Catalytic Hosts of Sulfur Cathode for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Zhen-Yu Wanga, Xue-Ping Gaob,*()   

  1. aScience and Technology Research Institute, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 101100, China
    bInstitute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
  • Received:2022-07-12 Revised:2022-09-11 Accepted:2022-10-04 Published:2023-04-28 Online:2022-10-05
  • Contact: *Tel: (86-22)23500876, E-mail: xpgao@nankai.edu.cn

摘要:

锂-硫电池具有2600 Wh·kg-1的理论能量密度,被认为是最具发展潜力的下一代能量存储体系之一。然而,锂-硫电池的应用严重受制于单质硫和放电产物(Li2S2/Li2S)迟滞的电化学反应动力学以及可溶性多硫化锂中间体的“穿梭效应”,这些问题导致电池的循环稳定性差、硫利用率以及库仑效率低下。将催化载体引入硫正极,可加快锂-硫电池中含硫物种反应速率,进而抑制活性物质溶解流失。这篇综述简要总结了金属和合金材料作为硫正极核心催化载体的最新研究进展,同时阐明了金属及合金载体对含硫物种的催化转换机理,最后对催化载体的构筑以及高能锂-硫电池的发展进行了展望。

关键词: 锂-硫电池, 金属/合金, 催化载体

Abstract:

Lithium-sulfur batteries are recognized as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage devices, owing to the high theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh·kg-1. However, their application has been seriously hindered by the sluggish electrochemical reaction kinetics of elemental sulfur and discharged products (Li2S2/Li2S), and the notorious “shuttle effect” of soluble intermediate lithium polysulfide species, leading to poor cycle stability, low sulfur utilization and inferior coulombic efficiency. Introducing catalytic hosts into sulfur cathode is an efficient path to propel the conversion of sulfur-contained species, thus preventing the dissolution and loss of active-sulfur material in lithium-sulfur batteries. In this review, we summarize recent progresses on the uses of metals and alloys as the core catalytic host of sulfur, and demonstrate the catalytic mechanism in the conversion process of sulfur species with the help of metal and alloy hosts. Finally, future outlooks are proposed on the construction of catalytic hosts and the development of high-energy lithium-sulfur batteries.

Key words: Lithium-sulfur batteries, Metals/alloys, Catalytic hosts