重金属污染是最受关注的环境问题之一. 电化学处理快速、高效，因而备受关注，发展快速. 本文从重金属离子在阴极接受电子完成电化学还原的原电池和燃料电池系统角度考虑，阐述重金属离子的产电原理，结合实例介绍了重金属在阴极的还原方式，讨论了重金属自产电能处理技术的优势和存在的问题. 污染物自身产能的电化学处理是一种崭新的技术，以期早日付之实用.

Heavy metal pollution is among the most serious environmental problems. Electrochemical method possesses many advantages like speediness and high efficiency, which develops rapidly. This review describes the aspect and application of heavy metals with self-electricity generation according to the primary batteries and fuel cells. Some examples to reduce heavy metal ions in the cathode are introduced. Applicability of this technology for removing heavy metals is also discussed. Employing electrochemical technology to treat contaminants with self-energy generation instead of exhausting energy will have a good prospect.