周正元, 孙雨涛, 刘振邦, 王传正, 周永南, 罗希, 周天池, 乔锦丽

电化学（中英文） 2026, 32 (1): 2515006-. DOI:10.61558/2993-074X.3586

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溶剂化离子交换膜近年来作为电化学能源转换与存储装置的核心组件，已获得学界广泛关注。本文从基质结构分类角度，系统梳理了离子交换膜的结构组成、性能优势、研究进展、离子传导机制及现存问题，并深入解析了性能优化方法、关键性能指标及影响因素。该研究为优化离子交换膜的设计应用提供理论支撑，为未来水电解制氢、电化学储能等领域的技术发展注入新动能。

Electrolysis Technology

ALK

PEMWE

AEMWE

SOEC

Operating Temperature (℃)

65~100

20~80

40~80

650~1000

Operating Pressure (Mpa)

0.2~1.0

1.5~3.0

0.1~3.5

0.1~1.0

Electrolyte

30%KOH

Proton exchange membrane

Polymer electrolyte

Yttria-stabilized
zirconia

Electric Current Density (A∙cm^-2)

0.25~0.45

1.0~2.0

—

0.2~1.0

Dc Energy Consumption（Kwh∙Nm^-3）

4.2~5.5

4.3~6

4.5~5.5

3.0~4.0

Faraday Efficiency (%)

62~82

67~84

69~75

90~99

Technology Readiness Level (TRL)

Level 9

Level 6

Level 7~8

Technical Advantage

•Low cost
•High stability
•High maturity
•Long life
No need for precious metal catalysts

•Higher efficiency
•Operable under high voltage conditions
•Operable under high current density conditions
•Respond quickly
Etc.

•Low ohmic resistance
•Good gas separation property
•No need for precious metal catalysts
•Higher electrolysis efficiency
Etc.

•Extremely high electrolysis efficiency
•Low-cost catalyst
•High operating temperature
•Low operating costs
Etc.

Technical disadvantage

•Lower current density
•Corrosive electrolyte
•Slow dynamic response
•Sensitive to impurities in water
Etc.

•High cost
•Lower durability
Etc.

•Low technological maturity
•Poor long-term operational stability
•Highly alkaline degradation
Etc.

•Poor durability
•High investment cost
Etc.

Cost of Investment（¥/kW）

3000~6000

8000~13000

—

>16000