全固态锂电池因其高能量密度和安全性良好而备受关注. 然而，要提高其充放电效率和延长其使用寿命需要其在固态电极、固态电解质及两者间的界面实现快速离子传导. 另外，全固态锂电池中的固态电解质隔膜需要限制锂枝晶的生长，从而使得应用高能量密度的锂金属负极变为可能. 本文基于上述全固态锂电池中的重要问题，讨论了电子显微镜、扫描探针显微镜、X射线断层摄影术、磁共振成像和光学显微镜五种先进成像技术在其中的应用.

All-solid-state lithium batteries have attracted much attention for their high energy density and good safety. To increase their efficiency and prolong their service life, it is necessary to achieve high ion conductivity at the electrode/electrolyte interface and in the electrolyte, as well as to eliminate dendrites growth in the battery. Based on the critical requirements outlined above, this paper discusses the applications of advanced imaging technologies in relevant studies. Recent progresses in investigations of all-solid-state lithium batteries by imaging techniques including electron microscopy, scanning probe microscopy, X-ray tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and optical microscopy are summarized.