锂-空气电池被认为是最具潜力的新一代化学电源体系之一，具有能量密度高、质量轻便、可逆性高、环境污染小等优点. 但其电极上缓慢的氧还原（ORR）与氧析出（OER）动力学过程导致了能量效率降低、过电位高、循环性能差等问题，制约了锂-空气电池的发展. 双效正极催化剂的设计与开发是解决上述问题的重要途径之一. 作者通过总结近几年锂-空气电池正极催化剂的研究进展，并结合其课题组自身的工作，综述了锂-空气电池正极催化剂表界面调控及构效关系研究方面的最新进展，并展望了未来关于锂-空气电池研究的切入点，对设计、开发高效锂-空电池催化剂具有重要指导意义.

Lithium-air battery has been considered to be one of the most promising secondary battery systems because of its high energy density. However, the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on the cathode, and the high overpotential, poor cycle stability and low rate capacity have severely blocked the development and application of Li-air battery. One of the effective strategies to alleviate these issues is to develop cathode catalysts for Li-air batteries. The design and development of bifunctional cathode catalysts with high activity and efficiency on both ORR and OER is highly desired for Li-air battery.The surface or interface structure has a significant impact on the catalytic performance. In this review, the recent progress in surface/interface modulation and structure-performance relationship of the cathode catalysts for Li-air batteries is summarized. The aspects of crystal plane effect, defect engineering, and surface-interface synergetic design have all been reviewed, which also include the recent results from the authors’ group. The new lithium-air battery system based on lithium superoxide with large rate capability and ultra-low overpotential is also presented. In the last, the key issues and future perspectives are also discussed. Although great progress has been made in the research of lithium-air batteries in recent years, the foundamental scientific issues such as catalytic mechanism and electrochemical reaction mechanism are still unclear. The solution of these problems is of great importance in the design and development of high-efficiency catalysts, and in the development of lithium-air batteries. Therefore, the applications of advanced characterization and analysis techniques should be emphasized in the future research, especially in situ electrochemical characterization technology to analyze the reaction mechanism at catalyst surface/interface, as well as the formation and decomposition process of the reaction products. Combined with the electrochemical performance analysis and theoretical calculation, the mechanism of catalyst action and electrochemical reaction will be revealed, which is of great significance to promote the development of lithium-air battery.