通过回顾电动汽车一百多年的发展历史，讨论了化学电源技术对电动汽车发展的影响。在简要介绍电动汽车种类和电动汽车对动力电池的技术要求之后，围绕动力锂离子电池应用的主要问题进行了讨论，包括电池安全性、环境适应性和成本。最后，简单分析了未来动力电池技术的发展之路。

In retrospect of the historical development of Electric Vehicles (EV), the impact of battery technologies on the progress of EV was discussed. In consequence, it is concluded that the lack of advanced batteries was the main cause for the fluctuations of EV development and the sluggish commercialization of electric cars in the past century. After a brief introduction to the classification and the requirements of electric vehicles, the main issues of the batteries including safety, temperature range for operation and the cost as well as the effects of these factors on the applications of advanced batteries for electric vehicles were discussed. Finally, the hot areas for future development in EV battery technologies were discussed.