应用化学镀法制备泡沫镍载钌(Ru)催化剂,以其用于燃料电池硼氢化钠(NaBH4)水解即时供氢.该催化剂具有稳定高效的活性和稳定性能,而泡沫镍的预处理是一重要步骤.研究了制氢过程中NaBH4浓度、反应温度及使用次数对产氢速率的影响.结果表明:产氢速率随温度的升高快速上升,当反应温度从15℃升高到60℃,产氢速率增加了十几倍;在NaBH4浓度为20%的3%NaOH溶液中,使用载Ru量为3%的催化剂,于23.5℃常压下,水解NaBH4,其产氢速率达到0.784 mL.s-1.g-1.这种容易制备的催化剂在多次使用后仍显示出较高的活性.

This paper presented a method of hydrogen generation from sodium borohydride solution for fuel cells.The Ru-Ni foam catalyst which was prepared by chemical plating showed strong activity and stability.The pretreatment of Ni foam before chemical plating was very important for the catalyst's strong activity and stability.This easy-to-prepared catalyst exhibited a good activity after being used several times.The effects of NaBH4 concentration,temperature and used times on the hydrogen generation rate were investigated.The results showed that the rate was remarkablely increased with the temperature rising and the rate increased more than ten times when the temperature of reaction rised from 15 ℃ to 60 ℃.In the view-point of practical application,the NaBH4 concentration of 15%~20% kept relatively high rate of hydrogen generation and relatively high hydrogen storage efficiency.The rate could reach to 0.784 mL·s-1 with every gram catalyst of 3% Ru loading when the NaBH4 concentration was 20% and the NaOH concentration was 3% at 23.5 ℃.