碱性海水电解镍基阳极的动态表面重构工程实现抗腐蚀
收稿日期: 2026-03-10
修回日期: 2026-04-15
录用日期: 2026-05-09
网络出版日期: 2026-05-09
Dynamic Reconstruction Engineering of Anti-Corrosion Ni-Based Anodes for Alkaline Seawater Electrolysis
Zhi-Yi Lu and Tian-Yu Zhang conceptualized the work, supervised the project and revised the manuscript. Yi-Gang Zhang and Wen-Wen Xu wrote the original draft and prepared the figures. All authors discussed the content and approved the final version.
Received date: 2026-03-10
Revised date: 2026-04-15
Accepted date: 2026-05-09
Online published: 2026-05-09
碱性海水电解制备绿氢为缓解能源危机和气候挑战提供了一条环境友好、可持续且极具成本效益的绿色路线。然而，其复杂的离子环境和工业级大电流密度使阳极的稳定性成为亟待解决的瓶颈问题。镍基阳极不仅面临海水复杂卤素离子的腐蚀，同时会在析氧反应过程中发生表面重构，因此需发展动态防腐策略兼顾此特点。本微综述系统总结了从模拟海水的单一离子环境到真实海水的复杂离子环境，开发用于碱性海水电解抗腐蚀镍基阳极的重构工程策略。本文聚焦本课题组在动态重构策略中的进展，为提供全面视角，本文也涉及基于动态重构引发的化学吸附及固定的防腐蚀策略。具体涵盖以下电解液环境：(i)氯离子主导环境；(ii) 氯离子与含氧阴离子共存环境；以及(iii) 氯离子与溴离子共存环境。在氯离子主导的腐蚀性环境中，在催化剂中引入银组分可使其在工作电位下原位重构生成氯化银。该过程以氯化银的形式固定氯离子，利用同离子排斥效应抑制了界面处氯离子的富集与渗透。在氯离子与含氧阴离子共存的环境中，镍基表面重构产生的羟基氧化物物种优先吸附含氧阴离子，从而形成稳定的阴离子屏蔽层。该屏蔽层降低了氯离子靠近和吸附的概率，有效缓解了由氯离子引发的腐蚀。此外，本文还总结了在氯离子与溴离子共存环境中溴化物引发阳极腐蚀的潜在机制，以及相应的抑制重构策略。最后，本文提出了具有普适性的阳极设计原则，旨在推动海水电解技术从材料级演示向器件级可靠运行迈进。
张益钢 , 徐雯雯 , 张天宇 , 陆之毅 . 碱性海水电解镍基阳极的动态表面重构工程实现抗腐蚀[J]. 电化学, 2026 , 32(7) : 2615001 . DOI: 10.61558/2993-074X.3613
Green hydrogen production via alkaline seawater electrolysis offers an environmentally sustainable and potentially cost-effective route to address both energy and climate challenges. Achieving long-term anode stability under complex ionic environments and industrial current densities remains a central bottleneck. Specifically, Ni-based anodes exhibit intense surface reconstruction during the oxygen evolution reaction, necessitating dynamic anti-corrosion strategies. This mini review systematically summarizes reconstruction engineering approaches to develop anti-corrosion Ni-based anodes of alkaline seawater electrolysis across increasingly complex ionic environments from simulated seawater to real seawater: (i) Cl- dominated; (ii) Cl- with co-existing oxyanions, and (iii) Cl- with co-existing Br-. Notably, the progress achieved by our group in dynamic reconstruction engineering is highlighted, as well as reported advances on reconstruction-induced chemical adsorption/fixation strategies to provide a broader mechanistic understanding. In a Cl- dominated corrosive environment, the introduction of Ag component enables in situ reconstruction into AgCl under the operating potential. This process immobilizes Cl- via AgCl formation and simultaneously suppresses interfacial Cl- enrichment and penetration through a co-ion exclusion effect. For Cl- with co-existing oxyanions, the oxyhydroxide species generated by Ni-based surface reconstruction preferentially adsorb oxygen-containing anions, thereby forming a stable anionic shielding layer. This layer lowers the probability of Cl- approach and adsorption, leading to effective mitigation of Cl--induced corrosion. Additionally, the mechanisms underlying bromide-induced anodic corrosion in Cl- with co-existing Br- are summarized, together with relevant reconstruction inhibition strategies. Finally, transferable anode design principles are proposed to push seawater electrolysis from materials demonstrations to device-level reliable operation.
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