质子交换膜燃料电池铂基催化剂研究进展
收稿日期: 2021-08-05
修回日期: 2021-09-03
网络出版日期: 2021-09-17
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(21805121);云南省基础研究计划项目(2019FD137)
版权
Progress of Pt-Based Catalysts in Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: A Review
Received date: 2021-08-05
Revised date: 2021-09-03
Online published: 2021-09-17
Copyright
燃料电池是一种将化学能直接转化为电能的能量转换装置,具有能量密度高、利用率高、清洁安静等优点。在不同类型的燃料电池中,质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）不仅能量密度高,而且具有在近常温条件下工作的特点,因此受到广泛关注。目前,商业化PEMFC仍采用铂基纳米材料作为催化剂,其中缺乏低成本、高效的阴极催化剂是限制PEMFC性能提升和成本降低的关键因素之一。本文综述PEMFC催化剂的结构可控制备及其对阴极氧还原反应和膜电极性能的影响,阐述调控催化剂结构提高PEMFC性能的方法,特别是提高贵金属催化剂的利用率,降低膜电极中贵金属用量的研究进展。
黄龙 , 徐海超 , 荆碧 , 李秋霞 , 易伟 , 孙世刚 . 质子交换膜燃料电池铂基催化剂研究进展[J]. 电化学, 2022 , 28(1) : 2108061 . DOI: 10.13208/j.electrochem.210806
Fuel cells are energy conversion devices that convert chemical energy directly into electricity. It has the advantages of high energy density, high utilization efficiency of fuel, clean and noiseless during working. Among all kinds of fuel cells, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are most popular since PEMFCs function at near ambient temperature, while their power densities are higher than those of other fuel cells. Currently, Pt-based nanomaterials are still the unreplaceable catalysts in commercialized PEMFCs. The lack of low-cost and high-performance cathode catalysts is still one of key factors that hampers the commercialization of PEMFCs. In this review, the structurally controlled syntheses of catalysts and their influences on the performances of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and membrane electrode assembly (MEA) are summarized. The performance of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) can also be adjusted by regulating the structure of catalyst layer. Special attention has been paid with a focus on the achievement of enhanced utilization of noble metal, and thus, lowering the loading of noble metals in MEA.
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