二氧化碳(CO₂)电化学还原利用CO₂生产低碳燃料，能够实现可再生能源存储同时降低温室气体排放对环境的负面影响，因而成为了近年里一个甚受瞩目的研究与开发热点. 尽管以往科学家关于催化剂活性、产物选择性以及反应机理的基础研究已做了广泛的报道，但对催化稳定性和电化学反应器系统的设计及实用性方面还未给予充分重视. 本文针对影响低温水溶液中二氧化碳电化学还原技术实用化的上述两个重要因素， 从技术应用需求角度出发，在概述发展现状基础上，总结归纳了主要存在的技术挑战，对未来研究方向提出了建议性对策.

Low-temperature carbon dioxide (CO₂) electrochemical reduction technology is a hotspot for research and development in recent years as a way to reduce the negative impact of CO₂ on the environment and to generate energy storage through converting electricity to low-carbon fuels. Although basic research on catalyst activity, product selectivity, and reaction mechanism has been widely reported, the design and practicality of catalytic stability and corresponding electrochemical reactor systems have not been given sufficient attention and systematic development.  In this paper, two important factors affecting the development of CO₂ electrochemical reduction technology in low temperature aqueous solution (catalyst and reaction system developments) are summarized. From the perspective of technical application requirements and based on the current research and development status, the main challenges are discussed. Some suggestions for future research directions are suggested to overcome the challenges.