表面修饰是一种重要的材料处理手段，被广泛应用于催化、光化学、电化学等领域。本文阐述了通过表面均匀包覆构建具有特定功能核壳结构的意义，并分析了构筑均匀包覆层的典型合成方法。同时，针对锂离子电池电极材料这一特定应用对象，综述了进行电极材料表面均匀包覆处理的途径，强调了电极材料核壳结构的构筑对于电极材料表面稳定、电化学性能优化等意义。

As a significant protocol for materials treatment, surface modification has found broad applications in different fields including catalyst, photochemistry, and electrochemistry. Herein, we introduced the representative synthetic methodologies for the constructions of different functional materials with a focus on their core-shell structures. By taking the electrode materials in lithium ion batteries as an example, we demonstrated the importance of surface modification on the electrode materials. Different coating materials ranging from metal oxides, metal phosphates to carbon have been discussed. We also showed that an accurate control on the surface layer can be crucial for optimizing the electrochemical performances of the core-shell structured materials.