自支撑电极材料在超级电容器中有着广泛的应用. 碳材料具有结构多样、来源丰富、价格低廉以及性能稳定等优点，是构建三维自支撑电极材料的首选基底材料. 本文结合作者课题组的研究工作，从“由上而下”和“由下而上”两个方面，概述了设计、制备三维自支撑电极材料的常用方法及材料的电容性能，希望对开发利用天然可再生资源，制备高性能的自支撑电极材料及其在超级电容器材料中的应用有所帮助.

Self-supported electrode materials have been widely used in supercapacitors. Carbon materials are promising substrates in building self-supported electrode materials attributed to their diverse structures, rich resource, relatively low cost and high stability. Combined with our own research in this field, we summarize here the recent progress on the synthesis of self-supported electrode materials and their supercapacitance properties. The overall synthetic strategy could be divided into two categories: “top-down” and “bottom-up”. We hope this review is helpful for the development and application of renewable sources in self-supported electrode materials.