电化学转换反应作为一种新的电极反应机制，近年来受到相当多的关注. 转换反应不仅能够利用金属化合物的多价态氧化还原，大幅度提高电化学容量利用率，而且对于主体晶格的结构、嵌脱阳离子的尺寸并无特殊要求，可以应用于众多不同种类的金属化合物，针对不同的金属离子设计高容量正负极活性材料. 因此，基于转换反应构建高容量电极材料正成为二次电池发展的一个新方向. 本文简要分析了电化学转换反应的基本原理和实现条件，并结合作者课题组近年来的研究工作探讨了这类反应在锂离子及钠离子电池中的潜在应用.

Electrochemical conversion reactions have received considerable interest as a new redox mechanism for constructing high capacity electrodes of rechargeable batteries. Without strict restrictions on the crystalline structure of the host lattice and the size of the associated ions, conversion reactions can take place in a variety of different metal compounds with different metal cations and deliver much higher reversible capacities through full utilization of all the oxidation states of the transition-metal compounds, opening up a new avenue for developing high capacity materials of rechargeable batteries. This paper briefly reviews the state of the art and challenges of conversion electrodes and also discusses the possible strategies for realizing high efficient electrochemical conversions and for establishing advanced Li-ion and Na-ion batteries.