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Journal of Electrochemistry ›› 2017, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (4): 409-419.doi: 10.13208/j.electrochem.160307

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Effects of surface modification modes on proton-over-vanadium ion selectivity of Nafion®membrane for application in vanadium redox flow battery

TAN Qing-long, WANG Hai-ning, LU Shan-fu*, LIANG Da-wei, WU Chun-xiao, XIANG Yan*   

  1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
  • Received:2016-03-07 Revised:2016-04-06 Online:2017-08-25 Published:2016-04-22
  • Contact: Shanfu Lu, Yan Xiang E-mail:lusf@buaa.edu.cn, xiangy@buaa.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This work was financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51422301), Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project (No. 29201493) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.YWF-16-BJ-Y-68).

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Abstract: The effect of surface modification modes on proton-over-vanadium ion selectivity was studied by spin-coating chitosan-Phosphotungstic Acid (PWA) as a single or double layer on Nafion membrane surface. To suppress the vanadium ions permeation through the Nafion? membrane in a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB), the single surface-modified Nafion membrane (Nafion/chitosan-PWA)S and double surface-modified Nafion membrane (Nafion/chitosan-PWA)D demonstrated a 89.9% and 92.7% reduction of vanadium ion permeability in comparison with pristine Nafion, respectively. The (Nafion/chitosan-PWA)D exhibited betterhigher selectivity between proton and vanadium ions than the (Nafion/chitosan-PWA)S at the same layer thickness. Furthermore, the columbic efficiency for the VRFB single cell based on the (Nafion/chitosan-PWA)D at an optimized thickness was 93.5% and the energy efficiency was 80.7% at a charge-discharge current density of 30 mA·cm-2, which wereas higher than the (Nafion/chitosan-PWA)S and pristine Nafion membrane. The modified membranes also possessed adequate chemical stability in the VRFB during charge-discharge cycling measurements.

Key words: Surface modification mode, Vanadium ion permeability, Ionic selectivity, Vanadium redox flow battery

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